INSTITUTE OF MARX – ENGELS – LENIN
attached to the CC VKP(b)

JOSEPH VISSARIONOVICH STALIN

Short Biography

Second Edition, Revised and Enlarged

(Words entered by Stalin are underlined with a ruler. — Ed.)

COMPILERS: Aleksandrov G.F., Galaktionov M.R., Kruzhkov V.S., Mitin M.B.,
Mochalov V.D., Pospelov P.N.

OGIZ. State Publishing House of Political Literature

Moscow 1947

I

[5] …His father — Vissarion Ivanovich… His mother — Ekaterina Georgievna[2]…

…In 1894 Stalin finished school and in that same year entered the Tiflis Orthodox Theological Seminary.

[7] …The Tiflis Orthodox Seminary was at that time a breeding ground for all manner of liberation ideas among the young.

[14] …In August 1900 a grandiose strike by workers of the railway workshops and depots unfolds.[3]

II

[22] …Stalin is a member of the Caucasian Union Committee of the RSDLP; together with Comrade Tskkhakaya he leads its work…

Under the leadership of Stalin and Dzhaparidze, in December 1904, a grandiose strike of Baku workers was conducted…

[23] This strike — it is stated in the "Short Course of the History of the VKP(b)" — was like the lightning before a storm on the eve of the great revolutionary tempest in Russia.

[35] [4]The Caucasian Union Committee tirelessly propagated the resolutions of the Third Party Congress and called upon workers and peasants to armed uprising.

[36] The October general strike of 1905, which demonstrated the strength and might of the proletarian movement, compelled the tsar, frightened to death, to come out with the Manifesto of October 17.

III

[44] …From 1902 to 1913 Stalin was arrested seven[5] times, was in exile six[6] times, escaped from exile five[7] times. The tsar's oprichniki had no sooner settled Stalin in a new place of exile than he again fled and was again "at large," forging the revolutionary energy of the masses. Only from his last, Turukhansk exile was Stalin freed by the February Revolution of 1917.

[46] Stalin rallied around himself a strong nucleus of tested Bolshevik-Leninists — Fioletov, Saratovets (Efimov), Vatsek, Bokov, Malygin, Ordzhonikidze,[8] Dzhaparidze, Shaumyan, Spandaryan, Khanlar, Mamedov, Azizbekov, Kyazi-Mamed, and others.

[48] …In exile Stalin… sharply castigates the "rotten unprincipledness"[9] of Trotsky…

IV

[53] …Together with Stalin in Petrograd work Ya. Sverdlov and[10] V. Molotov, taking an active part in the leadership of Pravda, the electoral campaign, and the Duma fraction.

[55] …the demand to view the national question as part of the general question of[11] the revolution…

On February 23, 1913, Stalin was arrested at a party[12] organized by the Petersburg Committee of the Bolsheviks in the hall of the Kalashnikov Exchange.

[56] …He writes letters[13] to Lenin, speaks at meetings[14] of exiled Bolsheviks in the village of Monastyrskoe (1915)…

In December 1916 Stalin, mobilized into the army, was sent under escort to the city of Krasnoyarsk, and then to the city of Achinsk.

[57] …Stalin together with Molotov leads the activities of the Central Committee and the Petersburg Committee of the Bolsheviks…[15]

V

[60] At the conference[16] Stalin, resolutely defending the Leninist line for socialist revolution, exposed the opportunistic, anti-Leninist line of Kamenev, Rykov[17] and their few like-minded supporters. In addition, Stalin delivered a report at the conference on the national question.

[65] …Stalin summons to himself representatives[18] of regional organizations, instructs them, and sets out combat tasks for individual regions.[19]

[67] From the very first days of the Soviet government's existence and until 1923, Stalin was People's Commissar for Nationalities Affairs. He directly led all the work of the party and Soviet power in the matter of resolving the national question in the USSR.[20] Under the leadership of Lenin and Stalin, workers and peasants in place of the tsarist colonies began to create[21] Soviet republics.

[68] …Lenin and Stalin are the inspirers and organizers[22] of the great Soviet Union.

…Together with Lenin, Stalin wages the struggle against Kamenev, Zinoviev, Rykov, and other[23] strike-breakers and deserters of the revolution.[24]

VI

[72] …The capture of Tsaritsyn would cut the Republic off from its last grain resources and from Baku oil, allowing the Whites to unite the Don counter-revolution with Kolchak and the Czechoslovak counter-revolution and to advance on

[73] Moscow on a common front… Stalin by swift and decisive measures reorganized the scattered detachments, hastened the arrival from the Donbass of Voroshilov's units, which became the nucleus of the newly formed 10th Army…[25]

[76] …This campaign the English War Minister Churchill boastfully called "the campaign of 14 states"[26]…

[77] …At the same time this plan[27] freed the Donbass — a powerful source

[78] source of coal, supplying the country with fuel, and a source of revolutionary forces…

[82] Stalin's services on the fronts of the civil war were recognized on Lenin's initiative by the resolution of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee of November 27, 1919, awarding him the Order of the Red Banner.[28]

…Lenin and Stalin[29] led the defense of the country together with the best leaders of the Bolshevik party.

[83] …Stalin led[30] the decisive combat operations…

VII

[88] …Beginning at the end of 1921, Lenin was compelled more and more frequently

[89] to interrupt his work. The main[31] work of leading the party had to be carried on[32] by Stalin.

[90] In April 1923 the Twelfth Party Congress took place. This was the first congress after the victory of the October Socialist Revolution at which Lenin could not be present on account of illness.[33]…

At the congress Stalin delivered the organizational report on the activities of the CC…

[93] On January 21, 1924, in Gorki near Moscow, Lenin died — the leader and founder of the Bolshevik party, the leader of the working people of the whole world. The banner of Lenin, the banner of the party[34] was raised high and carried forward by Stalin — the outstanding pupil of Lenin, the best son of the Bolshevik party, the worthy successor and great continuer of Lenin's cause.

[95] This was the oath[35] of the Bolshevik party to its teacher and leader, Lenin, who will live through the centuries.

[98] In this[36] work an exposition of the foundations of Leninism is given…

[99] "I wish the workers of the Dynamo plant," — he wrote in 1924…

[103] To Stalin's plan of socialist industrialization the capitulators[37] Zinoviev and Kamenev attempted to counterpose their own "plan"…

[104] [38]The Bolshevik party, having accumulated strength and means and having cast aside the capitulators and the faint-hearted, brought the country to a new historical stage — to the stage of socialist industrialization.[39]

In this struggle against the faint-hearted and capitulators, against the Trotskyists and Zinovievists, against the Bukharins and Kamenevs, there finally took shape, after Lenin's departure from active work, that leading nucleus of our party consisting of Stalin,

[105] Molotov, Kalinin, Voroshilov, Kuibyshev[39], Frunze, Dzerzhinsky, Kaganovich, Ordzhonikidze, Kirov, Yaroslavsky, Mikoyan, Andreev, Shvernik, Zhdanov, Shkiryatov, and others — which upheld the great banner of Lenin, rallied the party around Lenin's behests, and led the Soviet people out onto the broad road of industrialization of the country and collectivization of agriculture. The leader of this nucleus and the guiding force of the party and the state was Comrade Stalin.

Masterfully fulfilling the tasks of the leader of the party and[41] of the people and enjoying the full support of the entire Soviet people, Stalin, however, did not allow in his activity even a shadow of conceit, arrogance, or vanity. In his interview with the German writer Ludwig, where he notes the great role of the genius Lenin in the transformation of our motherland, Stalin simply[42] states about himself: "As for me, I am only a pupil of Lenin, and my goal is to be a worthy pupil of his."[43]

VIII

[106] …This [industrialization] required colossal means. Capitalist states extracted them by the merciless exploitation of the people, by wars of conquest,

[107] by the bloody plunder of colonies and dependent countries, by foreign loans…

Relying on Lenin's directives, Stalin set forth the propositions[44] on the socialist industrialization of our country…

[110] Having smashed and cast aside[45] the capitulators and defenders of capitalism, the Bolsheviks continued the cause of socialist industrialization of our country.

[111] …of other construction projects — all of them are associated with the name of Stalin.[46]

[116] [47]The party prepared all the necessary material conditions for the mass entry of the peasantry into the collective farms…

[117] …Comrade Stalin called upon the party to draw lessons from the Shakhty affair and above all for Bolshevik managers themselves to become masters of technology, specialists, and to accelerate the training of new technical cadres from among the workers.

[118] Just as the victory of the Great Socialist Revolution in October 1917 would have been impossible without the defeat of the capitulators and strike-breakers, the Mensheviks and Socialist-Revolutionaries, so too the victory of socialism in the countryside would have been impossible without the defeat of the Right capitulators in 1928–1929.

[120] Thus under Stalin's leadership the historic turn was prepared — from the policy of limiting and displacing kulak elements to the policy of eliminating the kulaks as a class, on the basis of wholesale collectivization.[48]

A great service of Stalin's[49] must be considered the fact that during this period — the period of the first unfolding of industrialization and collectivization, when it was necessary to mobilize all the working forces of the people for the solution of great tasks — he raised in its full stature[50] the woman question, the question of the position of women, of women's labor, of the most important role of women — women workers and peasant women — in the economic and socio-political life of society, and, having raised it to the proper height, gave it a correct resolution.

[121] [51]"Not a single great movement of the oppressed," — Stalin said, "— has in the history of mankind passed without the participation of working women…"[52]

"Working women," — Stalin goes on to say, "— women workers and peasant women, are the greatest reserve of the working class…"[53]

[122] "But working women," — Stalin continues, "— are not only a reserve…"[54]

As for the role and significance of women in the collective farms, here is what Stalin says about it in his address at the First Congress of Collective Farm Shock Workers.

"The woman question in the collective farms," — Stalin says, "— is a big question, comrades…"

[123] "As for the collective farm women themselves," — Stalin continues, "— they must remember the strength and significance of the collective farms for women…"[55]

IX

[129] Stalin, having concretized in all-round fashion the Marxist-Leninist theory[56] on socialism, showed that the transition to collectivization was possible not by way of the simple and peaceful entry of peasants into collective farms, but by way of the mass struggle of peasants against the kulaks. It was necessary to smash the kulaks in open battle before the eyes of the entire peasantry, so that the peasant masses would be convinced of the weakness of the capitalist elements; therefore the transition to wholesale collectivization was inseparably connected with the task of eliminating the kulaks as a class…

The enemies of the party tried in every way to disrupt the course toward collectivization of agriculture taken by the party.[57]

[133] …Stalin worked out and put into practice the theory[58] of collectivization of agriculture…

[139] [59]Generalizing the experience of socialist construction, Comrade Stalin worked out the question of Soviet trade as a form of distribution and exchange of products of labor under conditions of socialism.

Comrade Stalin said[60]: "Soviet trade is trade without capitalists…"

[140] "In order for the economic life of the country to surge forth vigorously and for industry and agriculture to have an incentive for the further growth of their output," — Comrade Stalin went on to say, "— one more condition is necessary…"

…"In the ranks of one section of the Communists," — Comrade Stalin said, "— there still reigns an arrogant, disdainful attitude toward trade in general, toward Soviet trade in particular…"[61]

X

[148] [62]The Red Army received new, remarkable technical equipment…

…as a result of which the Red Army became a fearsome[63] force for the enemies of socialism.

[64]One of the most important questions of socialist construction with which the party had to deal was the question of Soviet society's training of its own cadres,

[149] of the Soviet people and above all the working class creating their own intelligentsia. Proceeding from Lenin's directives that the socialist revolution is the fundamental condition for a powerful rise of the culture of the popular masses, Comrade Stalin rated[65] the question of the cultural forces of the working class as one[66] of the decisive questions of socialist construction…

[150] The question of the working people's own cadres acquired a special significance with us when our country was already abundantly saturated with new technology and when there appeared an acute need for people who had mastered technology and who were capable[67] of using it fully for the benefit of our Motherland.

[154] In the Kremlin Stalin together with members of the CC and the Government received numerous delegations[68] of the fraternal socialist republics…

[158] [69]Characterizing the international significance of the Constitution of the USSR, Stalin said:

"Now, when the murky wave of fascism is besmirching the socialist movement of the working class and mixing with the mud the democratic aspirations of the best people of the civilized world, the new Constitution of the USSR will be an indictment of fascism, saying that socialism and democracy are invincible. The new Constitution of the USSR will be a moral support and a real aid to all those who today are waging the struggle against fascist barbarism."

The victories of socialism won by the party[70] were driving

[159] the enemies of the people into still greater fury. In 1937 new facts were uncovered about the monsters from the Bukharinist-Trotskyist gang of spies, wreckers, and assassins, who were in the service of the intelligence services of capitalist states. The judicial trials showed that these dregs of humanity had been conspiring against Lenin, whom they intended to arrest, had been conspiring against the party and the Soviet state from the very first days of the October Revolution. Carrying out the will of their imperialist masters, they set themselves the goal of destroying the party and the Soviet state, undermining the defense of the country, facilitating foreign intervention, preparing the defeat of the Red Army, dismembering the USSR, turning it into a colony of imperialism, and restoring capitalist slavery[71] in the USSR. The party and Soviet power smashed the chief nests of the enemies of the people…

[166] [70]A new war was unleashed by the two chief[73] aggressive imperialist states — Germany[74] and Japan…

[167] …The inspirers of the notorious "Munich Agreement" — the rulers of England and France, Chamberlain and Daladier — wanted to direct the aggression of German[75] fascism to the east, against the Soviet Union.

[76]Comrade Stalin exposed the machinations of the warmongers against the USSR…

[77]With exceptional profundity Comrade Stalin revealed to the party and the Soviet people

[168] all the complexity and danger of the international situation that had formed at that time, and[78] defined the principles in the sphere of Soviet foreign policy. He said…

[170] …Stalin further developed the Leninist theory of socialist revolution. He concretized the theory[79] on the possibility of building socialism in one country and arrived at the conclusion[80] on the possibility of building communism in our country even if a capitalist encirclement should remain. This conclusion of Comrade Stalin's[81] enriches Leninism…

[171] But what Lenin did not manage to do in questions of the theory of the state,[82] Stalin did![83]

[178] As a result[84] of the policy of industrialization of the country and collectivization of agriculture, in the Soviet Union in the course of 1940 there was produced…

[179] In the autumn of 1939, on the initiative of Comrade Stalin, our brothers of the same blood — the peoples of Western Ukraine and Western Byelorussia — were freed from the yoke of the Polish landlords. These peoples joined the unified fraternal family of free peoples of the USSR. Later the Soviet Baltic republics — Lithuania, Latvia, and Estonia — were returned[85] to the composition of the USSR.

[181] …in June 1941 the peaceful creative labor of the Soviet people was disturbed by a war that arose as a result of Germany's attack on the USSR.

XI

[182] On June 22, 1941, Hitlerite imperialist Germany rudely violated the non-aggression pact and launched a sudden, treacherous attack on the Soviet Union…

[183] [86]The leader and teacher of the working people[87] — Comrade Stalin — stood at the head of the armed forces of the USSR and led the struggle of the Soviet people against the most villainous and perfidious enemy — German fascism…

…Under the pressure of numerically superior forces and equipment of the enemy, who made use of the advantages of a surprise attack, the Soviet Army was compelled to retreat with fighting into the depths of the country.

[187] At the call of the party,[88] all the peoples of the Soviet Union rose up in defense of the Motherland.

[89]Swiftly and decisively the reorganization of the entire national economy, the work of all party, state, and social organizations onto a war footing, for serving the needs of the front, was carried out…

[189] The enemy was at the approaches to Moscow. Despite this,[90] on November 6, 1941, the traditional solemn session of the Moscow Soviet took place in Moscow…

[194] The defeat of the Germans at Moscow demonstrated the superiority[91] of the strategic plan of offensive operations worked out by Comrade Stalin over the strategy of the Germans.

[195] The Stalinist thesis[92] on the significance of permanently operating factors of war as the decisive factors was a further creative development of the Marxist-Leninist science of war, of the direct organic connection between the course and outcome of war and the degree and character of the economic and political development of the state and its ideology, and the degree of preparation and maturity of its cadres.

The Stalinist thesis[93] on the role of permanently operating factors of war is of enormous theoretical and practical significance…

Special significance is attached[94] by Comrade Stalin to the mastery of the art of war by commanders and soldiers.

[197] On the order of Supreme Commander Comrade Stalin,[95] Soviet troops blocked the enemy's paths to the north, to the rear of Moscow.

[198] …On October 5, 1942, Comrade Stalin[96] gave the order to the commander of the Stalingrad Front: "I demand that you take all measures to defend Stalingrad. Stalingrad must not be surrendered to the enemy."

[200] …In the current war Germany, fighting on one front, threw up to 240 divisions at the Soviet-German front — i.e., almost twice as many as in the First World War.

Only the heroism of the Soviet Army and the partisans, the self-sacrificing labor of Soviet patriots in the rear, and the correct[97] leadership of the Supreme Commander, the leader of the party and the Soviet state, Comrade Stalin, overcame the gigantic difficulties in repelling the invasion of the Hitlerite hordes.

[202] On Stalin's order, on November 19, 1942, Soviet troops in the area of the approaches to Stalingrad went on the offensive. The blow was struck at the flanks and then at the rear of the German forces. The strategic plan of flank strikes[98] worked out and carried out under Comrade Stalin's leadership secured a new brilliant victory for the Red Army…

This was the most outstanding victory in the history of great wars.[99] The Battle of Stalingrad —

[203] the crown of military art — presented a new example of the perfection of advanced Soviet military science.[100]

In Stalin's assessment, "Stalingrad was the sunset of the German-fascist army…"

[206] …In the capital of our Motherland — Moscow — an artillery salute was fired in honor of the valiant troops who liberated Oryol and Belgorod. From that time on, Moscow's salutes became a wartime tradition with us.

The defeat of the Germans at Kursk was of decisive significance for the further course of the war.

"If the battle of Stalingrad," — says Stalin, "— presaged the sunset of the German-

[207] fascist army, then the battle of Kursk placed it on the verge of catastrophe."

[209] The year 1943 was also a turning point in the work of the Soviet rear. The harmonious and rapidly growing war economy created by the efforts of our people[101] ensured the quantitative and qualitative superiority of the military equipment of the Soviet Army over the German…

[211] At the beginning of 1944, on the initiative of Comrade Stalin, the Supreme Soviet of the USSR adopted a resolution on the transformation

[212] of the People's Commissariat of Defense and the People's Commissariat of Foreign Affairs from all-union into union-republican commissariats and the formation in the union republics of People's Commissariats of Defense and Foreign Affairs.

The adoption of these resolutions was a new step in the resolution of the national question in the USSR, a further development of the Leninist-Stalinist nationality policy, ensuring the successful development[102] of the national statehood of all the peoples of the Soviet Union.

[213] [103]On June 20, 1944, the Chairman of the Executive Committee of the Moscow City Soviet of Working People's Deputies, on behalf of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, presented in the Kremlin the first medal "For the Defense of Moscow" to the Chairman of the State Defense Committee, Supreme Commander, Marshal of the Soviet Union I.V. Stalin, awarded for the leadership of the heroic defense of Moscow and the organization of the defeat of the German forces at Moscow…

The successful implementation of the Stalinist strategic plan in 1944 produced great military and political results. Under the blows of Soviet forces, the former allies of Hitlerite Germany — Romania, Finland, Bulgaria — laid down their arms and began waging war against Germany. Hungary was on the eve of

[214] capitulation. In this way the isolation of Germany was in the main completed.[104] The military situation that had developed signified that the Soviet Union was in a position, without the help of allies, by its own forces alone, to occupy all of Germany and to carry out the liberation of France. This circumstance compelled[105] the former Prime Minister of England, Churchill, who had until then opposed the opening of a second front in Europe, to undertake the invasion of Western Europe…

[215] At the beginning of February 1945 in the Crimea there took place the Conference of the leaders of the three Allied powers — the USSR, the USA, and Great Britain… At this same Conference the question of the USSR's entry into the war with Japan was decided in advance…

[220] A great service of Comrade Stalin to the Motherland must be considered the fact that during the course of the Patriotic War he managed to select, educate, and promote to responsible posts new[106] leading military cadres who bore on their shoulders the full weight of the war with Germany and its allies. These are: Bulganin, Vasilevsky, Konev, Govorov, Zhukov, Vatutin, Chernyakhovsky, Antonov, Sokolovsky, Meretskov, Rokossovsky, Malinovsky, Voronov, Tolbukhin, Yakovlev, Malinin, Galitsky, Trofimenko, Gorbatov, Shtemenko, Kurasov, Vershinin, Golovanov, Fedorenko, Rybalko, Bogdanov, Katukov, Lelyushenko, and many others…

[222] On July 16, 1945,[107] I.V. Stalin arrived in Berlin, where from July 17 to August 2 the Three-Power Conference took place…

[224] The Kwantung Army of the Japanese, after desperate but unsuccessful counter-attacks, was compelled to cease[108] resistance, laid down its arms, and surrendered to Soviet forces as prisoners of war…

[225] …The long-awaited peace came for the peoples of the whole world…[109]

Leading[110] the military operations of the Soviet armed forces and the economic-organizational work in the rear, Comrade Stalin during the war continued enormous theoretical activity, worked out and advanced Marxist-Leninist science…

[226] In the speeches and orders of Comrade Stalin, which constitute the book "On the Great Patriotic War of the Soviet Union," Soviet military science, the theory[111] of the Soviet socialist state, its functions and sources of its strength[112] received further development. Comrade Stalin[113] generalized the experience of the activity of the Soviet state under conditions of war and pointed out the paths for the further strengthening of the economic and military might of the Soviet state.

In the report on the 26th anniversary of the Great October Socialist Revolution, Comrade Stalin showed[114] the great significance of the Bolshevik party, the Soviet system, the friendship of the peoples of the Soviet Union, and the patriotism of Soviet people for the cause of victory over the fascist aggressors…

[229] One of the main sources[115] of the strength of the Soviet Union, Comrade Stalin said, is the friendship of the peoples of our country…

[230] Of paramount importance is the thesis developed[116] by Comrade Stalin[117] on Soviet patriotism… "The strength of Soviet patriotism," — says[118] Comrade Stalin…

[231] Comrade Stalin[119] further developed the advanced Soviet military science.[120] Comrade Stalin worked out the proposition[121] on the permanently operating factors that decide the fate of war, on active defense and the laws of counter-offensive and offensive, on the interaction of the branches of armed forces and military equipment under modern conditions of war, on the role of large masses of tanks and aviation in modern warfare, on artillery as the most powerful branch of armed forces. At various stages of the war the Stalinist genius found correct decisions that fully took into account the specific features of the situation.

Stalin's military art manifested itself both in defense and in offense. On Comrade Stalin's directive, the active defense of Soviet forces was combined with the preparation of the counter-offensive.[122] The offensive was combined with firm defense. Comrade Stalin masterfully worked out and applied a new tactics of maneuver: the tactics of simultaneous breakthrough of the enemy's front at several

[232] sectors, calculated to prevent the enemy from concentrating his reserves into a striking fist; the tactics of successive breakthrough of the enemy's front at several sectors, when one breakthrough follows on the heels of another, calculated to compel the enemy to lose time and strength on the regrouping of his forces; the tactics of breaking through the flanks of the enemy, of envelopment, encirclement, and annihilation of large enemy troop groupings. With inspired penetrating insight Comrade Stalin divined the plans of the enemy and foiled them. In the battles in which Comrade Stalin led the Soviet forces, outstanding[123] examples of military operational art were embodied.

[234] The majestic picture of the historic victories won by the Soviet Union in the Patriotic War and the grandiose program of the further development[124] of the forces of socialist society were unfolded by Comrade Stalin in his address at the pre-election meeting of voters of the Stalinsky electoral district of the city of Moscow on February 9, 1946.

[235] Comrade Stalin spoke of plans for the future, of a new powerful rise of the national economy of the Soviet country and its science, of the creation of conditions that would guarantee our Motherland against all contingencies, would raise still higher its economic and military might, would ensure a new rise[125] of its culture and the growth of the welfare of the people.

In February 1946 the Soviet people, on the basis of the Stalinist Constitution, held new elections to the Supreme Soviet of the USSR…[126]

The life and activity of Comrade Stalin are inseparably connected with the activity of V.I. Lenin, his teacher and mentor, with the history of our heroic Bolshevik party, with the history of the great Soviet people.[127]

[236] The life and activity of Comrade Stalin are connected, further, with the international workers' movement and the national-liberation struggle of colonial peoples against imperialist oppression.

[237] …Under the leadership of this party[128] not only was capitalism overthrown and Soviet power established — the power of the working people — but socialism was also built in the USSR.

Workers of all countries know that every word spoken by Stalin is the word of the Soviet[129] people, that behind each of his words follows a deed…

[238] …After Lenin no leader in the world has yet had to lead such enormous, million-strong masses of workers and peasants as I.V. Stalin…

Stalin — together with his closest associates,[130] tested Leninists — at the head of the great Bolshevik party leads the unprecedented in history multinational socialist state of workers and peasants…

[240] Stalin is the worthy continuer of Lenin's cause, or, as we say in the party: Stalin is Lenin today.

[243] [131]With the name of Stalin all progressive humanity, all freedom-loving democratic peoples connect their hopes for a lasting, firm peace and security.

"This is our good fortune that in the difficult years of the war the Red Army and the Soviet people were led forward by the wise and tested leader of the Soviet Union — Great Stalin. With the name of Generalissimo Stalin there will enter into the history of our country and into world history the glorious victories of our army. Under the leadership of Stalin, the great leader and organizer, we have now entered upon the work of peaceful construction, in order to achieve a genuine flowering of the forces of socialist society and to justify the finest hopes of our friends throughout the world."[132]

1947

Izvestiya TsK KPSS. 1990, No. 9